Abstract: Before the industrial society, ‘eco is just a kind of ‘original ecology. It does not constitute a form of ‘civilization. Science and technology, globalization and market have been inextricably linked with ecological crisis because they are divorced from ‘the people. We should not simply deny capital, market, technology and globalization. They are the effective force to solve the ecological crisis and construct ecological civilization. It is false in theory and harmful in practice to regard construction of ecological civilization as simply an ideological revolution. It can hinder the social economic system and political restructuring, and ultimately affect harmonious status between human and nature. With more attention paid to the construction of ecological civilization, clarifying several ideological misunderstandings has great significance both in theory and practice for the construction of ecological civilization in China.