Abstract: From the effective protection of forest resources of view, the protection system of forests managed mainly by state during Qin and Han dynasties experienced a historical stage of gradually weakening, and the administrative ensuring of protecting forests was weakened from the L(laws) and Ling(decrees) in the early Qing Dynasty to the Yueling(monthly customary regulations) in Han Dynasty. Comparing the historical records and unearthed documents, the implementation of articles on the protection of forest resources was in real dilemma as even imperial rescript was only hanged on the wall without actual implementation. The root cause of the historical change was the weakening of legislative system on forestry. The relatively complete system of official forestry management was gradually dismissed, and replaced by the unofficial organizations serving royal family, such as Shaofu(in charge of the land, water and handicraft manufacture in Qing Dynasty), Shuihengdouwei(in charge of property, money cast, ship building and the management of water system in Han Dynasty) and Jiangzuodajiang(in Han Dynasty, the same function as Shaofu); moreover it was featured as the huge efforts on logging and harvesting, but little on management and culture.