Abstract: The grassland policy of New China has gone through the process of starting, tortuous development and all-round promotion, which has laid the foundation for the construction of grassland governance system in the new era. In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, land reform was carried out in grassland areas, and grassland property rights were transformed from private to public. Later, due to the interference of the "Great Leap Forward" and the "Cultural Revolution", the conflicts between agriculture and animal husbandry were serious, and the regeneration of the grassland was destroyed. After the reform and opening up, on the basis of the reform of the economic system, the state actively promoted the reform of grassland administration institutions and the legal construction of policies, and established a basic legal system of grassland policy. With the contradictions between economic development and ecological protection are becoming increasingly prominent, under the guidance of the Scientific Outlook on Development, the state has implemented a series of ecological engineering schemes, established a rudimentary grassland conservation system, and embarked on the restoration and preservation of the grassland ecology. Since the 18th National Congress of CPC, guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Eco-Civilization, grassland policy has turned to systematic governance and integrated development, and the grassland governance system in the new era has become increasingly perfect.