Sir William Temple’s Theory on Garden: the Study of Upon the Gardens of Epicurus, or of Gardening

Sir William Temple’s garden theory has always been neglected in the current academic research. In fact, Temple systematically discussed the origins, ethical significance and aesthetic form of gardens in Upon the Gardens of Epicurus, or of Gardening. From the point of view of etiology, he regarded gardens as an ideal place to treat people’s excessive desires. Although he agreed with Epicurean theory of retreating from public affairs, he expounded the ethics thoughts of gardens from political virtue, obedience with nature and free choice. In terms of the beauty of gardens, he believed that beauty lies in form, and this form includes not only the regular form of the Europe, but also the irregular beauty of China. Temple’s garden theory has certain guiding significance for the construction of sanatorium garden and private garden in China.