Abstract: This paper explores the net effect of the Beijing-Tianjin Sandstorm Source Control Project on rural labor transfer while excluding the influence of economy development and urbanization process by using the balanced panel data about 73 consecutive samples in the year of 2005 to 2015. Firstly, this paper filters the significant variables for rural labor transfer in the project monitoring through the panel data model, and then preliminarily analyzes the effect of the project on rural labor transfer. Secondly, based on the regression model's results, this paper selects the significant explanatory variables in the model and the local economic variable as covariant, and gets the net effect of the project on rural labor transfer using the method of propensity score matching. Moreover, the difference between the phase 1 and 2 of the project was compared. The results show that this project has a positive effect on rural labor transfer, and the net effect increases by 0.9% from the first phase to the second phase, indicating that the social and economic benefits will become more obvious with the implementation of the project. Finally, this paper proposes policy suggestions for the sustainable development of the project.