Abstract: The paper selected import trade volume of wooden forest products from the countries along 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road to China during 2000 to 2015, economic scale in each country, the differences of forest coverage rate among the countries, and other explaining variables, and then established stochastic frontier gravitational model for calculating trade efficiency and further analyzing the factors affecting the trade efficiency. The research shows that the average trade potential between China and ASEAN countries ranks first in all four regions, and the trade efficiency in other three regions of West Asia, South Asia, and central and eastern Europe need to be improved. With the purpose of increasing the trade scale and boosting the trade efficiency of wooden forest products between China and the countries along 21-Centuary Maritime Silk Road, we made national-level suggestions such as strengthening the exchanges and cooperation as well the flow of talents among countries, forming RMB trade delivery mode, and enhancing infrastructure facilities and Internet construction.