Abstract: In order to understand the law of natural operation and form the philosophical epistemology of nature, so as to treat nature better and realize the ecological civilization of harmonious symbiosis between man and nature, this paper discusses the philosophical thoughts contained in the law of ecosystems. The interaction between organisms and environment, material circulation and energy flow, ecological balance and other ecological phenomena are addressed from the perspectives of Marx’s dialectical materialism and western environmental ethics. It is concluded that the wholeness of ecosystem is an important law of natural operation. Based on Spinoza’s monism of " God is nature” and the systematic holism thought of Smouze and Bethalenfi, this paper expounds the philosophical thoughts contained in ecological wholeness. Finally, the guiding significance of the philosophical thoughts contained in these ecosystem laws to the building of ecological civilization is put forward. That is, the cultural concept of ecological integrity should be shaped; " Nature”, which exists in the form of ecosystem, has two roles, i.e., both as resources and environment. Strengthening the body and making good use of it is an important path of building ecological civilization.