Abstract: In this paper we survey and analyze the documents issued by the central government for the establishment of national parks management system. Taking reference from national parks protection, establishment and management experiences in foreign countries and combining with the actual needs of ecological protection and the current stage of social and economic development in China, we summarize and propose the protection system of national parks which includes eight key mechanisms, such as building a unified hierarchical management system, drawing a national development plan with national parks establishment evaluation criteria, innovating the property rights management system related to the assets of natural resources, improving the legal framework of ecological protection system, creating the management system for the utilization of natural resources, establishing the co-construction and co-management mechanism with local communities, exploring the participation and sharing mechanism for all people, and establishing funding channels and funding guarantee mechanism. Based on the review of the progress of domestic research and the results of the exploration and practice of 10 piloting national park systems, this paper defines the key points and tasks of these systems, analyzes the main challenges at present, and puts forward suggestions for promoting and improving these systems, which will lay a foundation for the establishment of national parks system with Chinese characteristics.