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国家公园社会捐赠:国际实践与启示

Social Donation of National Parks: International Practice and Inspiration

  • 摘要: 在全球国家公园建设普遍面临经费短缺的背景下,如何有效地吸引社会捐赠是国家公园面临的重要问题之一。通过搜集整理一些代表性国家公园,如美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、日本等国家公园相关的法律文件与政策,对各国的国家公园社会捐赠的概念与内涵、类型与程序、募集与资金管理、捐赠者回馈与收益等几个问题进行了比较,研究发现这些国家都通过法律对国家公园社会捐赠的运作机构与管理形式进行了规定,同时也明确了捐赠者和受捐者的权利与义务,并通过税收政策对社会捐赠进行鼓励与支持。最后探讨了代表性国家公园的社会捐赠制度对中国国家公园体制建设的借鉴意义。

     

    Abstract: Under the global background that establishing national parks is facing a shortage of funds, how to effectively attract social donations is one of the important issues of national parks. This paper combs some representative countries that have national parks, such as the United States, Canada, Australia, Japan, and compares the legal basis, tax policies, donation types, practical effects and other issues of social donation of national parks in these countries. Results suggest that these countries have adopted various laws to control the operation of social donation of national parks, and have also defined the rights and obligations of donors and recipients. The conclusions of the study is of significant value of reference for the formulation of China's national park social donation system.

     

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