Abstract: The rural revitalization is the top priority of the organic development of the domestic cycle. The follow-up development of relocation for poverty alleviation is a key part of rural revitalization; however, for various reasons, there is an urgent need to solve the problems of insufficient development and the risk of returning to poverty in the life and production of the people after relocation. Taking the collective economic development of relocated communities for poverty alleviation in Guizhou Province as an example, we introduce the situation of the relocation, and analyze the plights of residents in the relocated communities. From the perspective of the community collective development, an attempt was made to establish the specific framework and institutional mechanism of sustainable economic development of such communities, by using corporate governance and other means. We discuss the structure of community development in organization, management, share and benefit allocation, and analyze the relevant issues of community collective economic cooperatives and community farmers' professional cooperatives in community collective development. Then the paper clarifies the community collective development mechanism in income internalization, risk internalization, local employment, guarantee maximization whilst considering fairness, and puts forward new ideas for sustainable development in the era of relocation after resettlement in Guizhou.