Abstract: The study of the justice of symbiosis between man and nature in ecological ethics certred on with “man” or “nature” is easy to fall into abstractionism. From the perspective of historical materialism, it is the practical requirement of promoting the harmonious co-existence between man and nature to realize the symbiotic justice between them in labor.Ecological labor is the key of justice between man and nature. Based on the symbiotic justice between man and nature in ecological practice, a comprehensive transformation, from “man” being the subject to “man and nature” being the mutual subject, from knowing man himself to knowing the life community between man and nature, and from abstract ethical regulations to ecological actions, is realized. Historical materialism narrated the reconstruction of the symbiotic justice between man and nature, which has theoretical significance and practical value for promoting the construction of socialist ecological civilization, realizing the green transformation of economic development and building a community with a shared future for the mankind.