Abstract: This paper uses panel data from a sample of 485 new forestry management entities in 15 counties and cities in 6 provinces of China from 2015-2018 field research to empirically analyze the factors affecting entities' demand for government-oriented forest insurance. The results of the study show that: each increase of 1 unit in the affected area and damage caused an increase of 1.728 unit and 1.704 unit, respectively, in the demand for government-oriented forest insurance by new forestry management entities; each increase of 1 unit in production costs and income caused an increase of 0.213 unit and 0.052 unit, respectively, in the demand for government-oriented forest insurance by new forestry management entities; each increase of 1 unit in infrastructure investment and financial cost investment caused a decrease of 0.303 unit and 0.05 unit, respectively, in the demand for government-oriented forest insurance by new forestry management entities. In addition, the moderating effect of operation scale on the demand for government-oriented forest insurance was further tested. In response to the research results, this paper proposes policy recommendations in terms of further promoting the scale of forestry production, promoting the diversification of insurance products, and increasing government support for forest insurance.