Abstract: The paradigm of environmental history aims to explore the relationship between national parks and citizens' conception of nature through the interaction between nature and man. In the 1840s, mass newspapers and civic education in Britain gradually enhanced the social attributes of natural knowledge. Since then, the preservation of Dartmoor by the local people and residents of Devon, through the vivid words of newspaper writers and educators, has aroused the infinite love of people outside Dartmoor. When British authority founded National Park in 1951, Dartmoor became essential to the public's vision of "picturesque Britain". From the perspective of environmental history, the ecological preservation experience gained by local people in the interaction between nature and man tended to become the ecological protection concept shared by the whole people with the help of mass media and mass education. The kind of environmental protection choice that gathers people's wisdom, can save a lot of social costs in the selection and management of national parks in China, and promotes the construction of national parks in China to meet people's needs of natural aesthetics and outdoor leisure.