Abstract: In the context of the “double carbon” goal, improving the efficiency of green investment and low-carbon adjustment of industrial layout is an inevitable move to promote China's high-quality development. This paper takes the data of 30 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in China from 2010 to 2020 as the research object, and uses the PVAR model to analyze the relationship between green investment, industrial layout optimization and carbon emission efficiency. The results show that green investment, industrial layout optimization and carbon emission efficiency have strong coordination and regional heterogeneit. In the eastern region, the coordinated development of green investment, industrial layout optimization and carbon emission efficiency is basically achieved; in the central region, green investment and carbon emission efficiency have not yet formed a good interaction; and in the western region, green investment, industrial layout optimization and carbon emission efficiency have not yet formed a positive interaction. Based on this, we propose to strengthen the intensity of external supervision, broaden investment channels, improve relevant systems, and improve the energy structure, with a view to providing decision-making references for improving the coordinated development of green investment, industrial structure optimization and carbon emission efficiency in various regions.