Abstract: Compared with the political dimension of Western ecological thought, the defining characteristic of the political dimension of the Theory of Socialist Ecological Civilization lies in its identification of the capitalist system and mode of production as the root cause of the ecological crisis. It emphasizes that only by transforming this unjust system and mode of production, establishing rationally coordinated relationships concerning ecological interests among people, and achieving environmental justice can the ecological crisis be truly resolved. In advancing ecological civilization, this theory's political dimension insists on upholding the Party's leadership in top-level design and unified planning, respecting the principal role of the people in ecological advancement, establishing a rigorous institutional framework for ecological civilization, modernizing environmental governance systems and capacities, and consistently integrating the people's aspirations with a shared vision for humanity—thereby articulating the goals of building a Beautiful China and a Beautiful and Clean World. The political dimension of Socialist Ecological Civilization Theory represents a revolutionary transformation in the political praxis of ecological thought, demanding adherence to the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets", a people-centered development philosophy, and the advancement of democratization in the international political and economic order based on the vision of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind.