Abstract: Based on data of 177 households of Wuqi county in Shaanxi province，this paper uses stochastic production frontier on Cobb-Douglas production function to investigate their planting technical efficiency, and analyzes the effecting factors of technical efficiency. Results show that the distribution of households technical efficiency shifts to the right, education makes positive effects to technical efficiency, and the planting technical efficiency of poor households is more efficient. The higher ratio of income from planting in the total income，the higher technical efficiency.