Abstract: During the New Deal period in late Qing Dynasty, the afforestation of Shandong province received universal recognition. Officials at all levels and new style social groups such as peasant associations initiated it vigorously. Forestry companies, forestry associations, arboriculture bureaus, forest experimental stations, forestry schools were established. At the same time, social members took part in it extensively, the afforestation activity in Shandong Province was widely conducted. The forestry policy of the government, the attention of local authority to develop the forestry, the afforestation stimulation by Germany in Qingdao, as well as the driving of economic benefits provide the condition and possibility for the afforestation to obtain the effect.