Abstract: Non-wood forest products ( NWFPs), compared with wood forest products, have many significant advantages with more development patterns, shorter production cycle, longer industrial chain and greater added value. NWFPs industry has been an important content of the forestry development since the forest tenure reform in Sanming City. Under the guidance of industrial and regional economic theories, the paper analyzes the basic situations and characteristics of NWFPs development and establishes evaluation index system of industrial competitiveness of NWFPs in different counties in Sanming City. Through principal component analysis, it discusses the competitiveness levels and the influencing factors of NWFPs industry of these counties. It also proposes some strategies of NWFPs industry development, aiming to provide a basis for policy making in Sanming City.