Abstract: Peony and Chinese Herbaceous Peony are two traditional flowers in China and have profound cultural implications. These two flowers play the key promoting roles in the tradition formation of appreciating flowers. This paper discusses the significance of Peony and Chinese Herbaceous Peonies for the development of landscape garden in China from aspects of the contribution to tradition of appreciating flowers, cultural implications of the two flowers, and the application of them in landscape garden based on textual research of a large amount of ancient and present literatures.