Abstract: In order to adapt to the nature and protect variety of the bio-resources, local nationalities have created their national cultural heritages and maintained the ecological balance, which in turn promoted development of the local nationalities. Today, these national cultural heritages are threatened by market economy. This paper introduces the relationship between national cultural heritages and biodiversity, discusses the change of national cultural heritages and its influence on biodiversity conservation. Finally, problems and challenges of national cultural heritages on biodiversity conservation are mentioned, and methods of national cultural heritages on biodiversity conservation are suggested.