Advanced search
LIU Liang. Sources and Dissemination of Information about Chinese Deforestation in American President’s Annual Message to Congress in 1908[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (Social Science), 2019, 18(3): 25-36. DOI: 10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2018189
Citation: LIU Liang. Sources and Dissemination of Information about Chinese Deforestation in American President’s Annual Message to Congress in 1908[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (Social Science), 2019, 18(3): 25-36. DOI: 10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2018189
shu

Sources and Dissemination of Information about Chinese Deforestation in American President’s Annual Message to Congress in 1908

  • Institute for the History of Natural Sciences, CAS, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China

More Information
  • Received Date: November 30, 2018
  • Available Online: June 16, 2019
  • Published Date: August 31, 2019
    Graphical Abstract
    • Abstract
  • On December 8th 1908, U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt used a series of photos on forest destruction and soil erosion in northern China to address the significance of forests protection in his last message to the Congress and hoped that the United States would draw a lesson from China’s deforestation, and take further measures to protect the forest. The speech and the graphics used by it were quickly spread by Chinese and foreign scholars and became an important page in the modern Sino-US forestry exchange. So, what channel does the information about the forest situation in northern China come from? And why is it quickly spread by scholars? What is the path of dissemination? This dissemination process is elaborated in detail using a large number of original English documents and pictures in this paper.
    • FullText(HTML)
    • References (173)
  • [1]
    ROOSEVELT T. Introduction, first to seventh annual message, special message (January 22, 1909)[M]//A compilation of the messages and papers of the president, volume 15. New York: Bureau of National Literature Inc., 1897: 6637-6638, 6639-6678, 6749-6769, 6858-6890, 7024-7060, 7353-7403, 7403-7450, 7450-7506, 7258-7268.
    [2]
    Depew ’s appeal to save forests[N]. New York Times, 1907-02-23(6).
    [3]
    LOWDERMILK W C. Man-made deserts[J]. Pacific Affairs, 1935,8(4): 409-419. doi: 10.2307/2751240
    [4]
    PINCHOT G. Breaking new ground[M]. Seattle and London: University of Washington Press, 1972: 188-191, 203-222, 281-305, 319-326.
    [5]
    JOHNSON W F. Addresses and papers of Theodore Roosevelt[M]. New York: The Unit Book Publishing Co., 1909: 444-455, 465, 471, 479, 483.
    [6]
    ROOSEVELT T. An autobiography[M]. New York: The MacMillan Company, 1916: 408-436.
    [7]
    Pinchot born to toil: forest chief learned of conservation first from father[N]. The Washington Post, 1909-09-13(6).
    [8]
    MORROW J B. Gifford Pinchot tells the story of his fight to save the forests[N]. The Washington Post, 1908-10-18(E1).
    [9]
    Pinchot, a zealous pioneer: friend of President Roosevelt and founder of a useful profession[N]. The Washington Post, 1905-06-25(E3).
    [10]
    Timber famine near, says Mr. Roosevelt[N]. New York Times, 1905-01-06(6).
    [11]
    ROOSEVELT T. At Raleigh, N. C., October 19, 1905[M]//Presidential addresses and state papers of Theodore Roosevelt: part 4. New York: P. F. Collier & Son Publishers, 1905: 467-476.
    [12]
    ROOSEVELT T. President Roosevelt ’s annual message to congress recommends enactment of important legislation for welfare of the nation[N]. The Washington Post, 1907-12-04 (5).
    [13]
    ROOSEVELT T. Message of the president of the united states communicated to the two houses of congress at the beginning of the Second Session of the Sixtieth Congress[M]. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1908: 22-28, Illustrations No.1-10.
    [14]
    Roosevelt will break all his former records[N]. Los Angeles Herald, 1907-09-14, 34 (348): 8.
    [15]
    Roosevelt the conservationist[J]. American Forestry, 1919, 25 (301): 778.
    [16]
    Roosevelt names his commission: men who will advise him on conservation of national resources [N]. The Hartford Courant, 1908-06-09 (1).
    [17]
    Report of the National Conservation Commission (February 1909) : Volume 1-3 [M]. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1909.
    [18]
    MARSDEN W E. The travels of Marco Polo[M]. London: Bohn, 1854: 237.
    [19]
    YULE H. The book of Ser Marco Polo: Vol. II [M]. London: John Murray, 1903: 4-5.
    [20]
    马可·波罗. 马可·波罗游记[M]. 陈开俊, 戴树英, 刘贞琼, 等, 译. 福州: 福建科学技术出版社, 1981: 130.
    [21]
    马可·波罗. 马可·波罗游记[M]. 梁生智, 译. 北京: 中国文史出版社, 1998: 151-152.
    [22]
    TIESSEN E. Ferdinand von Richthofen’s Tagebücher aus China (Band I) [M]. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer, 1907:22.
    [23]
    李希霍芬. 李希霍芬中国旅行日记(上册)[M]. 李岩, 王彦会, 译. 北京: 商务印书馆, 2016: 19, 129, 158-159, 211, 408, 415, 418-427.
    [24]
    RICHTHOFENR V. Report by Baron Von Richthofen of the Provinces of Honan and Shansi[M]//Baron Richthofen’s Letters 1870-1872. Shanghai: North China Herald Office, 1872: 18-39.
    [25]
    郭双林, 董习. 李希霍芬与《李希霍芬男爵书信集》[J]. 史学月刊, 2009(11): 52-60.
    [26]
    Threatened famine in China[N]. The New York Times, 1876-10-01(4).
    [27]
    Seventy million starving[N]. The New York Times, 1878-02-24(2).
    [28]
    A frightful famine[N]. The New York Times, 1878-02-26(4).
    [29]
    TOWNSEND C C. Research in China. Vol. I, Part I, Descriptive topography and geology by Bailey Willis; Eliot Blackwelder, R. H. Sargent[J]. The Journal of Geology, 1908,16(4): 387-388. doi: 10.1086/621520
    [30]
    WILLIS B, BLACKWELDER E, SARGENT R H. Descriptive topography and geology(research in China): Vol. I, Part I [M]. Washington: Carnegie Institute of Washington, 1907.
    [31]
    BLACKWELDER E. Petrography and Zoology[M]//FRIEDRICH H. Syllabary of Chinese sounds(research in China): Vol. I, Part II. Washington: Carnegie Institute of Washington, 1907.
    [32]
    WILLIS B, SARGENT R H. Systematic geology(research in China): Vol. II[M]. Washington: Carnegie Institute of Washington, 1907.
    [33]
    WALCOTT C D, WELLER S, GIRTY G H. Research in China, Vol. III[M]. Washington: Carnegie Institute of Washington, 1913.
    [34]
    WALCOTT C D. Cambrian geology and paleontology III, smithsonian miscellaneous collections: Vol. 64[M]. Washington: The Smithsonian Institution, 1916: 36, 41, 56.
    [35]
    CHANG C Y. Geographic research in China[J]. Annuals of the Association of American Geographers, 1944,34(1): 47-62. doi: 10.1080/00045604409357253
    [36]
    OLDROYD D, YANG J Y. Bailey Willis (1857-1949): geological theorizing and Chinese geology[J]. Annals of Science, 2003,60(1): 1-37. doi: 10.1051/forest:2002068
    [37]
    WATERS A C. Memorial to Bailey Willis (1857-1949)[J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 1960,73(7): 55-72.
    [38]
    BLACKWELDER E. Bailey Willis, 1857-1949[J]. Biographical Memoirs, 1961,35: 333-350.
    [39]
    WILLIS B. Deforestation in China[J]. Proceedings of the Society of American Foresters, 1906,1(3): 141-146.
    [40]
    WILLIS B. Lecture in the evening session of first day of the American forestry association twenty-eighth annual meeting opening session[J]. Conservation, 1909,15(2): 82-83.
    [41]
    The forestry association[N]. The Washington Post, 1908-01-26 (E4).
    [42]
    WILLIS B. Water circulation and its control[J]. Conservation, 1908,15(5): 262-421.
    [43]
    WILLIS B. Water circulation and its control[J].Report of the National Conservation Commission, 1909, 2: 687-710.
    [44]
    The People who stand for plus−Frank N. Meyer[J]. The Outing Magazine, 1908(10): 69-76.
    [45]
    Capital’s columbus states this week on a world-wide two-year search[N]. The Washington Post, 1909-08-15(T1).
    [46]
    Hunt for Chinese wonder[N]. The Washington Post, 1913-03-02(M4).
    [47]
    New plants from Asia[N]. The Washington Post, 1916-01-30(18).
    [48]
    F. N. Meyer missing[N]. The Washington Post, 1916-06-10(2).
    [49]
    F. N. Meyer dead in China[N]. The Washington Post, 1918-06-19(11).
    [50]
    FAIRCHILD D. The dramatic careers of two plantsmen[J]. Journal of Heredity, 1919,10: 276-280. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a101932
    [51]
    FAIRCHILD D. The dramatic careers of two plantsmen[J]. California Garden, 1920,11(11): 11, 14.
    [52]
    SEIBERT D. Hope Glimmers for sharing China’s unique flora[N]. The New York Times, 1971-12-12 (D45).
    [53]
    Cunningham I S. Research reveals new information about Franks N. Meyer, agricultural explorer in Asia[J]. Journal of NAL Associates, 1980,5(3/4): 79-83.
    [54]
    CUNNINGHAM I S, FRANKS N. Meyer: plant hunter in Asia[M]. Iowa: The Iowa University Press, 1984: 28, 86-87, 90.
    [55]
    罗桂环. 近代西方识华生物史[M]. 济南: 山东教育出版社, 2005: 261-267.
    [56]
    LEWIS J G. Deforestation in China: Theodore Roosevelt’s cautionary tale[J]. Forestry History Today, 2005,Sping/Fall: 53-57.
    [57]
    GABLE J A. Theodore Roosevelt’s legacy: a historical review[J]. Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal, 2009,Fall: 15-29.
    [58]
    MEYER F N. Photograph album of the first plant expedition in China of Frank N. Meyer[M]. Washington: Office of Foreign Seed and Plant Introduction, 1908: 63, 89, 93, 95, 121, 123.
    [59]
    Characteristic Message is sent by Roosevelt[N]. Los Angeles Herald, 1908-12-09, 36(69):1-4.
    [60]
    The great famine: report of the Committee of the China Famine Relief Fund[M]. Shanghai: China Famine Relief Fund Shanghai Committee, 1879: 115.
    [61]
    Arboriculture[N]. Los Angeles Herald, 1898-01-02, 25(94): 30.
    [62]
    GARRISON F L F. Lynwood Garrison metallography photomicrographic glass plates[M]. Philadelphia: The Historical and Interpretive Collections of the Franklin Institute, 2016: 1-6.
    [63]
    Proceedings of the botanical society of Pennsylvania for Sessions 1901-1903 [J]. Transactions and Proceedings of the Botanical Society of Pennsylvania, 1904, 1(3): XLIV.
    [64]
    GARRISON F L. Some effects of deforestation in China[J]. Journal of Franklin Institute of State of Pennsylvania, 1901(1): 141-152.
    [65]
    GARRISON F L. Effects of deforestation in China[J]. Forest Leaves, 1901(8): 75-78.
    [66]
    Woeful waste of forests [N]. The Washington Post, 1906-12-28(4).
    [67]
    Results of deforestation in China[J]. Farm and Fireside, 1908(6-25): 17.
    [68]
    President’s message will be read Tuesday[N]. Los Angeles Herald, 1908-12-04, 36(64):1.
    [69]
    ROOSEVELT T. The president’s message urges naval[N]. The Washington Post, 1908-12-09(2, 10-11, 15).
    [70]
    Last message of Roosevelt[N]. New York Times, 1908-12-09(6, 12).
    [71]
    ROOSEVELT T. The President’s message to the 60th Congress, Second Session[M]//LANGLAND J. The Chicago Daily News Almanac and Year-Book for 1909. Chicago: Chicago Daily News Company, 1909: 387-400.
    [72]
    ROOSEVELT T. President’s annual message [J]. Congressional Record: Containing the Proceedings and Debates of the Sixtieth Congress, Second Session 1909, 43: 16-29.
    [73]
    Forestry tests a nation’s progress [N]. San Francisco Call, 1909-06-21(21): 14.
    [74]
    KLYCE H A. Forestry[N]. Mill Valley Record, 1916-02-05(50): 2, 4.
    [75]
    ROOSEVELT T. Forestry and Foresters[J]. Proceedings of the Society of American Foresters, 1905,1(1): 3-9.
    [76]
    Exacts from president Roosevelt’s message to the congress [J]. Science, 1908, 28 (729): 868-875.
    [77]
    ROOSEVELT T. Lessons from China[J]. The National Geographic Magazine, 1909,20(1): 18-29.
    [78]
    President Roosevelt and forestry [J]. Forest Leaves. 1909, 12(1): 12-14.
    [79]
    China begins education in forestry [J]. Conservation, 1909, 15(4): 246.
    [80]
    The lesson taught by China [J]. Conservation, 1909, 15(5): 291-292.
    [81]
    Timber cutting the cause:floods due to destroying of forests on watersheds, says Pinchot[N]. New York Times, 1907-03-16(2).
    [82]
    PINCHOT G. The relation of forests to stream control[J]. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 1908,31: 219-227.
    [83]
    Must protect forests[N]. The Washington Post, 1909-06-04 (5).
    [84]
    WEEKS J W, LEVER A F. Acquiring land for the protection of watersheds for the conservation of navigable streams, 60th Congress 2d Session, House of Representatives[M]. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1909: 1-10.
    [85]
    Annual report of the chief of engineers United State army, 1910[M]. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1910.
    [86]
    Final report of the National Waterways Commission, 62D Congress 2d Session[M]. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1912: 28-36.
    [87]
    ZON R. Forests and water in the light of scientific investigation[M]. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1927: 3.
    [88]
    ZON R. Forests and water in the light of scientific investigation[M]//Final Report of the National Waterways Commission. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1912: 207.
    [89]
    China’s great famine result of deforestation[N]. Weekly News Letter, 1921-05-11, 8(41): 1, 8.
    [90]
    Blames deforestation[N]. The New York Times, 1921-05-12(12).
    [91]
    China’s famine the result of deforestation [J]. Forest Leaves, 1921, 18(3): 39.
    [92]
    CHITTENDEN H M. Forests and reservoirs in their relation to stream flow, with particular reference to navigable rivers[J]. Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 1909(62): 245-466.
    [93]
    QUICK H. American inland waterways[M]. New York: The Knickerbocker Press, 1909: 181-211, 228-234.
    [94]
    CHITTENDEN H M. The myth of the forests[N]. New York Times, 1916-06-17(10).
    [95]
    SINCLAIR J B. Deforestation[N]. San Francisco Call, 1910-10-23, 108(145):1.
    [96]
    ROSS E A. The changing Chinese[M]. New York: The Century CO., 1911: 268-273.
    [97]
    ROSS E A. The principles of sociology[M]. New York: The Century CO., 1921: 511-514.
    [98]
    For sick China, a prescription[N]. The New York Times, 1911-11-19(BR730).
    [99]
    What the future may bring to China[N]. The New York Times, 1911-10-29(BR692).
    [100]
    GUILD C. Present forestry issues[J]. American Forestry, 1911,17(2): 67-81.
    [101]
    HUNTER G W. A civic biology presented in problems[M]. New York: American Book Company, 1914: 106, 108.
    [102]
    WICKS M. Deserts due to deforestation[J]. American Forestry, 1916,22(274): 598-606.
    [103]
    SIMPSON T H. Restoring China’s forests: a new American influence in the empire[J]. American Review of Review, 1916,53(3): 337-340.
    [104]
    MOON F F. The book of forestry[M]. New York and London: D. Appleton and Company, 1916: 16, 25.
    [105]
    CHATLEY H. River problem in China[J]. Journal of the North China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1918,49: 1-12.
    [106]
    PRICE W. Ancient peoples at new tasks[M]. New York: Missionary Education Movement of the United States and Canada, 1918: 63-66.
    [107]
    Declares forests must be conserved[N]. The New York Times. 1919-10-12 (32).
    [108]
    CHAPMAN H H. Forests and floods in China[J]. American Forestry, 1919,25(302): 835-843.
    [109]
    W. I. G. Hears forest talk[N]. Madera Tribune, 1923-02-07, 80: 2.
    [110]
    SMITH J R. Tree crops: a permanent agriculture[M]. New York: Harcourt Brace and Company, 1929: 3, 4, 6, 7, 17, 100, 228, 266, 270.
    [111]
    LOWDERMILK W C, LI T I. Forestry in denuded China[J]. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 1930,152: 127-141. doi: 10.1177/000271623015200117
    [112]
    LOWDERMILK W C, WICKES R. History of soil use in the Wu Tai Shan area[M]. Hong Kong:Kelly&Walsh Ltd, 1938: Figure 7-22.
    [113]
    China needs reforestation[N]. New York Times, 1931-08-16(46).
    [114]
    Sees China flood lesson[N]. New York Times, 1931-08-31(11).
    [115]
    COOK M G. Hugh Hammond Bennett: the father of soil conservation[M]//Papers commemorating a century of soil science. Raleigh: Soil Science Society of North Carolina, 2003: 69-80.
    [116]
    BENNETT H H. Elements of soil conservation[M]. Tokyo: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1955: about the author.
    [117]
    Hugh Hammond Bennett dead[N]. New York Times, 1960-07-08 (21).
    [118]
    BENNETT H H. Flood causes laid to erosion of soil [N]. New York Times, 1931-09-06 (100).
    [119]
    MEYER H H B. Select list of references of the conservation of natural resources in the United States[M]. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1912.
    [120]
    Bibliography[M]//Final Report of the National Waterways Commission. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1912: 274-302.
    [121]
    Bibliography on the relation of forests to water and climate[M]//RAPHAEL Z. Forests and water in the light of scientific investigation. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1927: 70-106.
    [122]
    WIELAND L H, HENDERSON J. Bibliography of soil conservation, SCS-MP-10[M].Miscellaneous Publications.Washington: USDA Soil Conservation Service, SCS-MP , 1936: 3-14.
    [123]
    GAINES S H. Bibliography on soil erosion and soil and water conservation[M]. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1938.
    [124]
    Save our forest and soil [J]. The Chinese Students’ Monthly, 1908-1909, 4(1): 329-334.
    [125]
    李可柔, 毕乐思. 光与盐:第2卷[M]. 刘红, 单传航, 王文宗, 译.北京: 团结出版社, 2014: 179-182.
    [126]
    HAMRIN C L. Salt and light(3): modern lives of faith that shaped modern China[M]. Eugene: Pickwick Publications, 2011: 178-181.
    [127]
    BIELER S. " Patriots or traitors”?: a history of American-educated Chinese students[M]. New York: M. E. Sharpe, Inc., 2003.
    [128]
    CHANG F L. The Chinese foresters’ club[J]. Chinese Students’ Monthly, 1911,7(1): 144-145.
    [129]
    CHANG F L. China and conservation[J]. Chinese Students’ Monthly, 1913,8(8): 531-534.
    [130]
    CHANG F L. When east met west: a personal story of rural reconstruction in China[M]. New Haven: Yale-in-China Association, 1972.
    [131]
    Personal [J]. Journal of Forestry, 1917, 15(7): 948-950.
    [132]
    王天骏. 文明梦−记第一批庚款留学生 [M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2012: 259-261.
    [133]
    LIN D Y. Why forestry in China[J]. The Chinese Students’ Monthly, 1918,13: 196-201.
    [134]
    金邦正. 森林三利说[J]. 留美学生年报, 1914(3): 43-48.
    [135]
    Tells president of China [N]. The New York Times, 1908-08-24 (2).
    [136]
    To save China’s trees: Boone College plans lectures in leading cities of country[N]. The Washington Post, 1909-03-10 (14).
    [137]
    DOW T I. The impact of Chinese students returned from America: with emphasis on the Chinese revolution, 1911-1949[D]. Boca Raton: Florida Atlantic University, 1971.
    [138]
    中国留美学生科目调查表 [J]. 科学, 1915, 1(1):106.
    [139]
    天翼. 森林与国家之关系[J]. 进步, 1912,3(1): 146-155.
    [140]
    凌道扬. 森林与国家之关系[J]. 教育周报, 1916(142): 32-33.
    [141]
    金邦正. 美国前总统罗斯福在美国两院演说中国森林情形[J]. 进步, 1921,1(1): 1-13.
    [142]
    凌道扬. 森林与旱灾之关系[J]. 中华工程师学会会报, 1920,7(10): 1-5.
    [143]
    凌道扬. 凌道扬全集 [M]. 香港: 公元出版有限公司, 2009: 25-27.
    [144]
    The index: a junior annual of the Mass. Agri. College[M]. Amherst: The Class of Nineteen Hundred Thirteen, 1913: 141.
    [145]
    The fiftieth annual report of the Mass. Agri. College[M]. Boston: Wright & Potter Printing Co., 1913: 122.
    [146]
    The index: a junior annual of the Mass. Agri. College[M]. Amherst: The Class of Nineteen Hundred Fourteen, 1914: 193.
    [147]
    Permanent China relief[N]. New York Times, 1921-05-01( 91).
    [148]
    REISNER J H. Reforesting China: permanent famine prevention versus famine relief [M]. New York City: Thirteen Astor Place, 1921:5.
    [149]
    金邦正. 森林学大意[J]. 科学, 1915,1(1): 92-98.
    [150]
    金邦正. 科学与林业[M]//中国科学社. 科学通论. 上海: 上海书店出版社, 1934: 320-328.
    [151]
    LIN D Y. Chapters on China and forestry[M]. Shanghai: Commercial Press, 1916.
    [152]
    翼. 有森林则无水灾矣[J]. 进步, 1912,3(1): 41-43.
    [153]
    LIN D Y. Deforestation and floods in Northern China[J]. Journal of Forestry, 1918,16(8): 888-896.
    [154]
    LIN D Y. Forests and Chihli floods[M].Nanking: University of Nanking, 1918: 1-13.
    [155]
    凌道扬. 水灾根本救治方法[J]. 江苏省农学会报, 1918(1): 9-22.
    [156]
    凌道扬. 论近日各省水灾之剧烈缺乏森林实为一大原因[J]. 安徽实业杂志, 1918,14(11): 32-35.
    [157]
    Central China Famine Relief Committee. Report and accounts from October 1, 1911, to June 30, 1912[M]. Shanghai: North-China News & Herald, Ltd., 1912: 32.
    [158]
    Science can make China famine-proof[N]. New York Times, 1912-03-24(11).
    [159]
    SHERFESEE W F. The reforestation movement in China[J]. American Forestry, 1915,21(263): 1033-1040.
    [160]
    REISNER J H. Progress of forestry in China in 1919-1920[J]. Journal of Forestry, 1921,19(4): 394-398.
    [161]
    Forestry in China[N]. Sacramento Union, 1920-02-02, 2 (4).
    [162]
    U. S. helps China reforest hills[N]. Los Angeles Herald, 1921-12-09, 33 (A11).
    [163]
    China begins reforesting to save her people[N]. Riverside Daily Press, 1921-11-07, 265(6).
    [164]
    张楚宝. 缅怀林学会两位奠基人凌道扬姚传法[M]//中国林学会成立七十周年纪念专集(1917—1987). 北京: 中国林业出版社, 1987: 15-18.
    [165]
    孙文. 三民主义[M]. 上海: 北新书局, 1927: 341-342.
    [166]
    LIN D Y. Recent Forestry Progress in China[N]. The China Weekly Review, 1931-12-19 (24).
    [167]
    LIN D Y. China promotes reforestation-honors Dr. Sun[N]. The China Weekly Review, 1936-03-14 (66).
    [168]
    陈蕴茜. 植树节与孙中山崇拜[J]. 南京大学学报(哲学·人文科学·社会科学版), 2006(5): 76-90.
    [169]
    冷体云. 森林与土壤气候之关系及我国宜林之地点[J]. 北京农业专门学校校友会杂志, 1916(1): 57-59.
    [170]
    李仪祉. 森林与水功之关系[J]. 华北水利月刊, 1929(8): 1-28.
    [171]
    叶雅各. 水利、森林、土壤、工力相互之关系与重要[J]. 湖北建设月刊, 1929,1(10): 21-24.
    [172]
    黄瑞采. 造林运动中三问题[J]. 文化月刊, 1934(4): 85-88.
    [173]
    黄河水利委员会. 民国黄河大事记[M]. 郑州: 黄河水利出社, 2004: 151, 211.
    • Related Articles

  • Related Articles

    [1]Liu Guangchao, Zhu Jifeng. The Value Implications, Actual Processes, and Pathway Prospects of International Dissemination of Xi Jinping's Thought on Ecological Civilization[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (Social Science), 2025, 24(1): 18-24. DOI: 10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2024164
    [2]Lian Ziqin, Chen Wenhui, Liu Junchang. The Spread of Public Opinions on Wild Animals: Stage Division and Countermeasures[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (Social Science), 2022, 21(2): 71-77. DOI: 10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021188
    [3]HONG Shan, SHI Xiao-hai, CHANG Yan-ting, MA Yan-jun, JIANG Ze-hui, HU Tao. Planting Propagation and Image Formation of Chinese Narcissus[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (Social Science), 2020, 19(4): 76-81. DOI: 10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2020099
    [4]LI Si-yu, WU Hong-mei. Sustainability of the Log Trade Based on Ecological Information Approach[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (Social Science), 2019, 18(4): 69-75. DOI: 10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2019069
    [5]LIU Liang. Dissemination and Influence of Textual Works Recording Environmental Changes in China Written by Westerners in Modern Times[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (Social Science), 2015, 14(3): 1-7.
    [6]CHEN Jun, ZHENG Xiao-xian, ZHOU Cai-xian, MA Hong. Dissemination of Forest Culture in Beijing Based on Tourists'Demands[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (Social Science), 2014, 13(3): 29-33.
    [7]ZHANG Bao-lin, QIN Tao, PAN Huan-xue. Information Efficiency of Forestry Credit Products[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (Social Science), 2013, 12(2): 41-46.
    [8]WANG Wu-kui. Information Sharing Platform in Forest Tenure Transfer[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (Social Science), 2009, 8(4): 55-60.
    [9]ZHEN Xue-ning, , ZHENG Xiao-xian, HE Lu. Mechanism and Optimization of Forest Culture Communication Based on Forest Parks[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (Social Science), 2009, 8(1): 29-32.
    [10]TIE Zheng. A Study on Newspaper Participating in Education in China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (Social Science), 2008, 7(2): 88-90.

Catalog

    Get Citation
    PDF
    XML
    Article views (2248) PDF downloads (49) Cited by()
    Turn off MathJax
    Article Contents
    Abstract
    References
    Related Articles

    Copyright © 2013 Editorial Department of Beijing Forestry University 京ICP备05066833号-1

    Address：North-Star Times Tower, No.8 Beichendong Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China. China Pos：100083

    Tel：010-62337919 Fax：021-64253812

    Supported by: Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co., Ltd.  Baidu Analytics

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return