Experience and Enlightenments of Indian National Park Communities Participating in Tiger Conservation

As a developing country with a large population, India is faced with many difficulties and challenges in biodiversity protection in natural protected areas. However, after the establishment of its national park system, India has carried out fruitful tiger protection actions. In this paper, we introduce the nature protection system in India in the first place and summarize the three stages of Indian national parks' community participation in "Tiger Project", i.e., passive relocation, joint condominium and positive participation. Then the six ways of community participation are summarized, including implementing community education, mobilizing the masses, encouraging typical representatives, carrying out tiger-in and people-out policy, developing ecotourism and building consultation mechanism. Rights of indigenous people and interests of the community have promoted community participation. Finally, enlightenments on community participation in ecological protection projects of national parks are put forward, such as building a government-led community co-management mechanism, encouraging community participation in protection through multiple opportunities, protecting traditional culture and local knowledge, constructing protection compensation fund from multiple sources. India's experience in natural resources protection supported by community is of valuable reference for our country's national parks and other natural protected areas.