Landscape Planning Ideas and Practices in European Landscape Gardens: Taking Ermenonvill and Muskau as Examples

Since English landscape garden was introduced into Europe, landscape garden in concept is no longer just the enjoyment of picturesque scenery, but the landscape planning ideas combining with the development of economy and society. Taking Ermenonvill planned by Girardin in France and Muskau planned by Pückler in Germany as examples, this paper analyzes the influence of planning ideas, methods and cases, attests landscape planning ideas and practices of European landscape gardens, and discusses the similarities and differences between the two cases. Landscape planning represented by the two cases continues the developing trend of landscape garden, and shows multiplicity of planning ideas. European landscape planning takes landscape garden as a carrier, improves socio-economic development and all-round progress of the area. Inspirations to Chinese landscape planning practice are put forward.