Abstract: As important departments for cultivating and protecting forest resources, the state-owned forest farms are responsible for compiling forest resources balance sheets and exploring their practical applications, which is of important practical significance for strengthening forest resources management. Based on the current research on natural resources balance sheet, this paper builds an accounting system of forest resources balance sheet of state-owned forest farms by using accounting theory and technology, and proposes the accounting process from forest resources survey data to forest resources balance sheet. A case study of accounting system and report preparation of forest resources balance sheet has been carried out in a state-owned forest farm in Fujian Province, in an attempt to providing reference for promoting the preparation of forest resources balance sheet.