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何崚, 陈伊妮, 肖海茵, 邹银萍, 陈伟明. 贡茶生产对地方生态环境影响初探[J]. 北京林业大学学报(社会科学版), 2018, 17(3): 34-39. DOI: 10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2018005
引用本文: 何崚, 陈伊妮, 肖海茵, 邹银萍, 陈伟明. 贡茶生产对地方生态环境影响初探[J]. 北京林业大学学报(社会科学版), 2018, 17(3): 34-39. DOI: 10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2018005
HE Ling, CHEN Yi-ni, XIAO Hai-yin, ZOU Yin-ping, CHEN Wei-ming. Effect of Tribute Tea Production on the Change of Local Ecological Environment[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (Social Science), 2018, 17(3): 34-39. DOI: 10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2018005
Citation: HE Ling, CHEN Yi-ni, XIAO Hai-yin, ZOU Yin-ping, CHEN Wei-ming. Effect of Tribute Tea Production on the Change of Local Ecological Environment[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (Social Science), 2018, 17(3): 34-39. DOI: 10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2018005

贡茶生产对地方生态环境影响初探

Effect of Tribute Tea Production on the Change of Local Ecological Environment

  • 摘要: 贡茶的生产, 一方面除了满足天子与皇室的需求, 成为皇室的特供物品; 另一方面, 贡茶具有很强的政府向地方征收实物税的性质, 具有征贡区域扩大、不计成本等特点。历史上著名的贡茶院如顾诸贡茶院、北苑龙焙、武夷山御茶园等, 为了满足进贡的需求, 地方官府不断扩大贡茶院的规模。茶院在鼎盛时, 役工上万人, 制茶工匠上千人。但是, 随着贡茶产量增加, 茶产区不断扩大, 以及制茶大量消耗燃料等, 逐渐影响了地方的生态环境, 表现为地方山林被大量砍伐, 进而导致山地泥石流和河道淤塞, 严重影响到地方百姓的日常生活, 阻碍了地方的经济发展。此外, 受中央直属贡茶院的影响, 各地方官焙亦步亦趋, 且在经济利益的诱惑下, 地方商人和百姓亦广泛加入贡茶生产的行列, 更加剧了地方生态环境的破坏。

     

    Abstract: The production of tribute tea, on the one hand, meets the demand of the emperor and royal fa mily, becoming a special offer to imperial household. On the other hand, it has the nature of imposing in-kind tax on the local government by the central government, bearing the characteristics of such as expanding thearea of tribute levy and disregarding the cost. In Chinese history, there were some famous tribute tea houses, such as Guzhu Tea House, Beiyuan Tea House, and Wuyi Mountain Tea House. In order to meet the needs of paying tribute, the local government constantly expanded the scale of the tribute tea houses, and in golden age, there were tens of thousands of enslaved workers, and thousands of tea craftsmen. However, with the increase of the yield and producing area of tribute tea, as well as the consequent increase in the consuming amount of fuel during the tea manufacture, the local ecological environment has been damaged: mountain forests were cut down, which triggered the mountain debris fl ow disaster and the blocked waterway, badly influencing people's daily livelihood. Moreover, by the national central tribute tea house influenced the local ones. Tempted by economic profits, the local businessmen and common people also widely joined in the tribute tea production, which contributed more to the destruction of local ecological environment.

     

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